Ukukhetha uhlelo olufanele lwefomu kuyisinqumo esibalulekile esithinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokwakha, ikhwalithi yesakhiwo, ukulawulwa kwezindleko, kanye nokusimama. Ngokusekelwe emikhubeni yomhlaba wonke kanye nolwazi lobunjiniyela oluqondene neShayina, umhlahlandlela olandelayo ohlelekile uchaza izinto ezibalulekile zokukhetha ifomu elifanele.
1. Qondanisa Izinto Zokwakha Ifomu Nohlobo Lwephrojekthi
ishidi
| Uhlobo Lephrojekthi | Uhlobo Lomsebenzi Ophakanyisiwe | Isilinganiso |
|---|---|---|
| Izakhiwo zokuhlala eziphakeme / ezijwayelekile | Ifomu le-aluminium alloy | Ukushintshashintsha okuphezulu (imijikelezo engu-200–300), isikhathi sokujikeleza esisheshayo (izinsuku ezingu-4–5/phansi), amalunga amancane, ukuqeda ukhonkolo okuhle kakhulu, ukuncika okuncane kwabasebenzi ekuhleleni okuphindaphindiwe. |
| Izinsika zebhuloho, ama-girder amabhokisi | I-formwork yensimbi | Umthamo womthwalo ophezulu (>60 kN/m²), ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushayisana, okuhlala isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu eseceleni kanye nokuthululwa okukhulu. |
| Izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zejometri / amafomu okwakha | Ifomu lokhuni elihlanganisiwe | Ingenziwa ngokwezifiso kakhulu—ingasikwa, igotshwe, noma ibunjwe ngama-curve, ama-dome, kanye nezinto ezingezona ezejwayelekile; ilungele izinto eziphansi, ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. |
| Izitshalo zezimboni / izindonga ezijwayelekile | Ifomu lepulasitiki / ipulasitiki-insimbi | Ubuso obubushelelezi, asikho isidingo se-ejenti yokukhulula, kulula ukuhlanza, kunciphisa izindleko zokuqeda ngemva kokuthulula ezisetshenziswa odongeni nasezindaweni eziphindaphindwayo. |
| Amaphrojekthi aluhlaza / angenawo umoya ongcolile | Ifomu le-magnesium alloy | Ilula ngo-30% kune-aluminium, izinsiza zasekhaya ezingu-100% eShayina, umthelela ophansi kakhulu wekhabhoni phakathi kwezinketho zensimbi. |
2. I-Decision Matrix: Ukusebenza Okuqhathanisayo
ishidi
| Isikhombisi | Insimbi Formwork | Ifomu Lokwenza I-Aluminium Alloy | Ifomu Lokhuni | Plastic Formwork | Ifomu Lokwenza I-Magnesium Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Izindleko zokuqala | High | Ukuncishiswa kwentengo ephezulu (kodwa ephansi) | ongaphakeme | Medium | Okuphakathi–Okuphezulu (okwehliswayo esikalini) |
| Imijikelezo Yokuguquka | 40-80 | 200-300 | 30-50 | > 250 | |
| Isisindo | 40–60 kg/m² | 15–20 kg/m² | 10–15 kg/m² | 8–12 kg/m² | 12–16 kg/m² |
| Isivinini sokufaka | Iphansi (idinga i-crane, abasebenzi abanekhono) | Okuphezulu (20–30 m²/umuntu/ngosuku) | Okuphakathi nendawo (kulula ukukusika, kodwa amalunga maningi) | Okuphezulu (okulula, ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo) | Ukufakwa okuphezulu (okuhlanganisiwe, ukuhlanganiswa okuncane) |
| Ikhwalithi Yomphezulu Wekhonkrithi | Kuhle (kudinga ukugqoka okulwa nokugqwala) | Kuhle kakhulu (kubushelelezi, akukho uju lwezinyosi) | Kuhle (kuthambekele ekuguqukeni ngenxa yomswakama) | Kuhle kakhulu (akunamatheli, akudingeki ukuhlanza) | Kuhle kakhulu (ukuqina okuphezulu, ukwanda okuphansi kokushisa) |
| Impembelelo yemvelo | Angase asetshenziswe kabusha, kodwa aphezulu 再生 amandla | Ingaphinde isetshenziswe ngo-100%, ikhabhoni ephansi | Isebenzisa izingodo, izinga lokusebenzisa kabusha <10% | Ingaphinde isetshenziswe (eminye iqukethe i-PVC) | Izinto zokwakha eziluhlaza ezitholakala ekhaya |
| Okufaneleke Kakhulu | Izikhawu ezinde, imithwalo esindayo, amabhuloho | Izitezi eziphakeme, izindonga ezisikiwe, izitezi ezijwayelekile | Amaphrojekthi amancane, izakhiwo zesikhashana, izimo ezingajwayelekile | Amafektri, izindonga ezingaphansi komhlaba | Izakhiwo eziphakeme, izakhiwo eziluhlaza, ukwakhiwa okulungisiwe |
Qaphela: Idatha etholakala ekulinganisweni kwensimu yemboni kanye nezincwadi zobuchwepheshe. Amanani angempela angahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi kanye nendlela yokwakha.
3. Izimiso Zokukhetha Okuyinhloko (Umkhuba Okhethekile WaseShayina)
- Ukuzivumelanisa Nesimo SezuluEzindaweni ezinomswakama ezingasogwini, gwema ukwakheka kokhuni ngenxa yokuvuvukala nokuguquka; ezindaweni ezibandayo zasenyakatho, beka phambili insimbi noma i-aluminium ukuze kuvinjwe ukuncibilika kweqhwa.
- Ukuthuthukiswa Kwenguquko: Kumaphrojekthi adlula izinyanga eziyi-6 noma anezitezi eziphindaphindayo ezingaphezu kweziyi-10, khetha izinhlelo zomjikelezo ophezulu (i-aluminium noma i-magnesium alloy) ukuze unciphise izindleko ezikhokhisiwe.
- Ukuphumelela KwabasebenziEzindaweni lapho abasebenzi beshoda khona, i-aluminium kanye ne-plastic formwork kunciphisa ukuthembela emishinini esindayo futhi kunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi ngo-30-40%.
- Ukunemba Okuphelele: Kukhonkolo oveziwe (owakhiwe), khetha izinhlelo eziqinile kakhulu—i-aluminium noma insimbi—ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwamalunga, ukungalungi kahle, kanye nokuvuza.
- Ukuphepha KwezinsizakusebenzaI-China ihlinzeka ngemithombo ye-magnesium engaphezu kuka-70% emhlabeni jikelele. Ifomu le-magnesium alloy lihambisana namasu kazwelonke “okujikeleza kwangaphakathi” kanye “ne-dual carbon”, lithola ukwesekwa okuqinile kwenqubomgomo.
4. Umkhuba Ovelayo: Ukuvela Kwefomu Lokusebenza Nge-Magnesium Alloy
Ifomu le-alloy le-Magnesium liyashintsha lisuka ekubeni yisisombululo esikhethekile liye kwesesithako esithandwayo, eliqhutshwa yi:
- Idizayini EngasindiUbuningi obungu-1.74 g/cm³—30% bulula kune-aluminium—buthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha ngo-40%.
- Ukugqwala NokuqinaUkumelana okuphezulu kwe-alkali kwandisa impilo yesevisi ngaphezu kwemijikelezo engu-250, okusebenza kahle kakhulu kunepulasitiki nensimbi evamile.
- Ukufakwa Kwe-Die Okuhlanganisiwe: Iqeda amaphuzu okushisela, ithuthukise ubuqotho besakhiwo futhi yehlise amazinga okulungisa ngo-50%.
- Inzuzo Yamasu: Uchungechunge lokuphakelwa kwempahla lwasekhaya eShayina luqinisekisa ukuqina kokuphazamiseka kwezinto zomhlaba wonke futhi lusekela izimfuneko zokwakha ezisimeme.
