1. Steel rutsigiro rwekuvaka maitiro
1. Kuiswa uye kubviswa kwekutsigirwa kwesimbi
(1) Maererano nesimbi yekutsigira chirongwa, usati wachera nheyo yegomba, nyora nzvimbo yepakati mutsetse wesimbi yekutsigira ndege yakakomberedza gomba renheyo uye ita pfungwa yakanaka. Shandisa maviri theodolites kudzora axis yekutsigira panguva yekuvaka.
(2) Mushure mekunge nzvimbo yekushanda yacherwa, weld the triangular support uye bracket kubva pamutsetse wekutonga wakanyorwa neinki mitsetse pamatanda ematare ekongiri pamativi matatu egomba renheyo, uye isa chitsigiro chesimbi;
(3) Maererano nehukuru chaihwo hwegomba renheyo panzvimbo, gadzirai rubatsiro runodiwa uye pad zvinhu, unganidza simbi yesimbi kusvika pakureba kwakagadzirirwa, uye kumirira kuti nzvimbo yekushanda icherwa isati yaiswa.
(4) A 50-ton crawler crane inoshandiswa pakutsigira kuiswa (yakaiswa mugomba renheyo), uye tsigiro inofanounganidzwa pasi (zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuvaka); panguva yekuvaka, chengetedza kuti migwagwa yakakomberedza gomba renheyo haina kuvharwa uye upamhi hwemugwagwa hausi pasi pemamita matanhatu;
(5) Nzvimbo dzepakati dzemigumo miviri yerutsigiro inotemerwa pane simbi kongiri mhete danda kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti axis yekutsigira yakasimbiswa, uye hurefu chaihwo hwematanho maviri ekusangana anoyerwa. Kucheka uye kupatsanura kunoitwa zvichienderana nehurefu hwakayerwa.
(6) Sezvo chitsigiro chesimbi chakareba, makoramu akaiswa mugomba, saka mabhuraketi emakoramu anodiwa. Kana mugero wekutsigira wakacherwa, mugero wesimbi yesimbi unocherwawo. Kazhinji, mugero unocherwa kusvika anenge 1.3 metres pazasi perutsigiro. Iyo bracket yesimbi yakaiswa kuti ifambise kugadzika kwechikamu chekutsigirwa kwesimbi.
(7) Chitsigiro chesimbi chinofanosanganiswa kusvika pakureba kwakagadzirwa uye chitsigiro chesimbi chinoiswa muzvikamu maererano nekutevedzana kwekuchera. Chikamu chega chega chetsigiro chesimbi chinoiswa kumabvazuva nekumadokero nzira yekutanga uyezve kumaodzanyemba nekuchamhembe nzira. Shandisa 50-ton crawler crane (kana crawler excavator) kutanga wasimudza chikamu chimwe, isa magumo pamucheto wesimbi yekongiri rin'i, uye imwe magumo pachibhuraketi chesimbi chembiru. Mushure mokunge yasimbiswa zvakasimba, simudza chimwe chikamu uye sunga zvikamu zviviri pamwe chete kusvikira simbi yose inotsigirwa yaungana. Zvadaro batanidza tsvimbo.
(8) Mushure mekunge chitsigiro chesimbi chasimudzwa panzvimbo uye chaunganidzwa, tanga waisa kunetseka kumabvazuva nekumadokero nzira, wozoisa kushushikana kumaodzanyemba nekuchamhembe. Majeko mana e100-ton hydraulic jacks akaiswa kumagumo. Kufambisa kuvaka uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti yunifomu jacking simba, majeki mana akachengetedzwa pamwechete uchishandisa bracket yakatsaurirwa. Chibhuraketi ichi chakabva chaiswa pamusoro waichinjika. Kamwe mutsetse wemafuta wakabatanidzwa, pombi yakabatidzwa kuti ishandise prestress. Kamwe prestress yaiswa, spacer yakabatanidzwa mumusoro unochinjika uye yakachengetedzwa nemagetsi welding. Mafuta akabva apera, majeko akasunungurwa, uye tambo dzokusimudza dzakasunungurwa, kupedzisa kuiswa kwechitsigiro. Ipo majaki aishandisa prestress, kukosha kwe prestress kwakarekodhwa kuti ishandiswe mune ramangwana. Iyo prestress yaive ingangoita 400 kN parutsigiro, uye prestressing yakaiswa mumatanho maviri.
Chekutanga: Tsigiro imwe neimwe yakasimbiswa zvakafanana, ichida preload yeanenge 100-150 kN, kuve nechokwadi kuti migumo yese yerutsigiro yakanyatsoenderana neyakaiswa simbi yeplate chikamu chesimbi-concrete ring ring.
Chechipiri: Chero mapundu pakati pemigumo yerutsigiro uye chikamu chakamisikidzwa chesimbi chesimbi chemhete chemhete chakanamwa neyakasimbiswa grouting uye yakavharwa nemisoro yerebar kana simbi plate sheet. Mushure mesimba reiyo yakasimbiswa grouting zvinhu inosvika C30 simba, yechipiri pre-compression axial simba ye300 ~ 400KN inoshandiswa. Ivhu rezasi rinogona kucherwa chete mushure mekugadzwa kwekutsigirwa kunogamuchirwa. Iyo yekuongorora unit inofanirwa kutarisa shanduko yeaxial simba rekutsigira kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana. Kazhinji, axial force device kana stress plate inoiswa.
(9) Zvese zvikamu zvinoda welding yemagetsi zvinofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekubatana kwesimba rakaenzana.
(10) Maererano nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira, kuchera kunofanira kutevera nheyo yekutsigira kutanga uye kuchera. Mushure mokunge simba rekrete remhete danda rinosvika kusimba rekugadzira, yekutanga simbi yekutsigira inoiswa. Mushure mokunge hurongwa hwekutsigira hunoumbwa uye hunosimbiswa, nzira inotevera inogona kucherwa.
(11) Mushure mekunge kutsigirwa kwesimbi kwaiswa, kuchera kunoitwa kusvika 200mm pamusoro pepasi pegomba renheyo, zvichisiya 200mm yevhu rekubvisa manyore, uye panguva imwecheteyo, mutsara wekongiri unovakwa.
(12) Kubatana pakati pekuchera uye kuiswa kwesimbi yekutsigira: Kana kuiswa kwetsigiro kwapera, bhokisi remugwagwa rinotanga kuiswa (kuyambuka) pachitsigiro chesimbi panguva yekuchera kuti ive nechokwadi chokuti bhokisi remugwagwa uri 40 cm yakakwirira kudarika nzvimbo yekutsigira mushure mekusimudzwa. Munguva yekuchera, bhokisi remugwagwa rinosimudzwa zvakare chero nguva maererano nekunyura kwebhokisi remugwagwa kuti rive nechokwadi chokuti bhokisi remugwagwa harina kubata rubatsiro uye harina kukonzera kushungurudzika. Kuchera uye kuisirwa kwekutsigira kwakabatana zvakanyanya. Kuongororwa nguva dzose uye kucherechedzwa kunofanira kuitwa kutarisa uye kutarisa kusunungurwa kwerutsigiro, kutamiswa kwenheyo yegomba rekuchengetedza dhamu, nezvimwewo Kana chero matambudziko akawanikwa, matanho akakodzera anofanira kutorwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengeteka uye kupusa. 2. Kubviswa kwesimbi zvinotsigira ① Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekudhirowa kwedhizaini: A. Bvisa simbi yekutsigisa mushure megomba rakadzika hwaro pasi ndiro inosvika pakusimba kwekugadzira. B. Bvisa chitsigiro chesimbi uye ukandire rusvingo rwechimiro chikuru uye ndiro yepamusoro. C. Usati wakanda bhandi rekutumira simba pakati peplate yepasi uye murwi wekuchengetedza, mukaha pakati pechimiro chikuru uye chidziro chekuchengetedza chinofanira kuzadzwa nejecha kunzvimbo inoenderana isati yakanda. ② Chekutanga, misa simbi pombi scaffolding panzvimbo yekutsigira disassembly point. Izvi zvinoitwa pamagumo etsigiro imwe neimwe, pamirwi yembiru, uye pamajoini ekutsigira simbi.
③ Bvisa zvisimbi zvinotsigira uye zvimwe zvikamu zvesimbi uchishandisa gasi kucheka.
④ Kubvisa-kusimbisa rutsigiro, ina 40-ton hydraulic jacks anoiswa kumagumo. Kuti ufambise kuvaka uye kuve nechokwadi chesimba rinoenderana rejacking, bracket yakatsaurirwa inogadzirwa kuchengetedza iwo majeki mana pamwe nekuaisa kumagumo. Kana pombi dzemafuta dzabatanidzwa, pombi inogona kuvhurwa kuti ishandise prestress. Kana prestressing yavepo, simbi wedges inobviswa nekukurumidza kudzivirira simbi inotsigirwa kubva pakudonha uye kukuvadza vashandi vekuvaka panguva yekufambisa.
⑤ Kana imwe nguva rubatsiro rwekusimbisa kushungurudzika kwapera, kubatanidzwa kumagumo ekutsigira kwesimbi kunogurwa, kuchisiya imwe mugumo uchizorora pa scaffolding apo imwe mugumo inobviswa ne crane. Mushure mekunge zviputi zveflange zvabviswa, tsigiro inosimudzwa kubva mugomba renheyo. Pamusana pehurefu hwayo, chitsigiro chesimbi chinoda kuparadzaniswa muzvikamu. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuvaka uye mamwe mamiriro, muchina wekubvisa wetsigiro unorongedzerwa negeneral contractor's tower crane, ine yakaparadzana 16-ton rori crane yakaiswa kunze kwegomba rekutanga.
