1. Tsarin tallafi na ƙarfe
1. Shigarwa da cire tallafin karfe
(1) Dangane da shirin tallafin karfe, kafin a tono rami na tushe, yi alama a tsakiyar layin layin jirgin saman tallafin ƙarfe a kusa da rami na tushe kuma yin ma'ana mai kyau. Yi amfani da theodolites guda biyu don sarrafa axis tallafi yayin gini.
(2) Bayan da aka tono saman aiki, weld goyan bayan triangular da madaidaicin daga layin kula da tsayin da aka yiwa alama tare da layin tawada akan katako na zobe na karfe a bangarorin uku na ramin tushe, kuma shigar da tallafin karfe;
(3) Dangane da ainihin girman ramin tushe a kan wurin, ba da tallafin da ake buƙata da kayan pad, tara tallafin ƙarfe zuwa tsayin da aka tsara, kuma jira saman aikin da za a tono kafin shigarwa.
(4) Ana amfani da crane crawler 50-ton don shigarwa na tallafi (wanda aka sanya shi a cikin rami na tushe), kuma an riga an haɗa goyon baya a ƙasa (dangane da wurin ginin); yayin aikin, tabbatar da cewa hanyoyin da ke kewaye da ramin tushe ba su da cikas kuma fadin hanyar bai wuce mita 6 ba;
(5) Matsakaicin tsakiya na ƙarshen biyu na goyon baya an ƙaddara a kan katako na katako na karfe na karfe don tabbatar da cewa an jaddada ma'auni na goyon baya, kuma an auna ainihin tsawon ma'auni guda biyu. Ana yin yankan da splicing bisa ga tsayin da aka auna.
(6) Tun da goyon bayan karfe yana da tsawo, an saita ginshiƙai a cikin rami, don haka ana buƙatar maƙallan shafi. Lokacin da aka tono madaidaicin tallafi, ana tono madaidaicin madaidaicin karfe. Gabaɗaya, an tono rami zuwa kusan mita 1.3 a ƙarƙashin tallafin. An shigar da madaidaicin karfe don sauƙaƙe shigarwa na yanki na tallafin karfe.
(7) Tallafin karfe an riga an haɗa shi zuwa tsayin da aka tsara kuma an shigar da tallafin ƙarfe a cikin sassan bisa ga jerin tono. Kowane bangare na tallafin karfe ana shigar dashi a gabas da yamma da farko sannan a kudu da arewa. Yi amfani da crane (ko crawler excavator) mai nauyin ton 50 don fara ɗaga sashe ɗaya, sanya ƙarshen ɗaya a gefen katako na zobe na karfe, ɗayan kuma a kan madaidaicin ƙarfe na ginshiƙi. Bayan an ɗora shi da ƙarfi, ɗaga ɗayan ɓangaren kuma kurkushe sassan biyu tare har sai an haɗa duk tallafin ƙarfe. Sannan haɗa sandunan.
(8) Bayan an ɗora tallafin ƙarfe a wuri kuma a haɗa, da farko a shafa damuwa a gabas da yamma, sannan a shafa damuwa a kudu da arewa. An sanya jacks na ruwa mai nauyin ton 100 a ƙarshen. Don sauƙaƙe gini da tabbatar da ƙarfin jack ɗin iri ɗaya, jacks ɗin guda huɗu an kiyaye su tare ta amfani da madaidaicin sashi. Daga nan an sanya wannan madaidaicin a kan mai sassauƙa. Da zarar an haɗa layin mai, an kunna famfo don amfani da prestress. Da zarar an yi amfani da prestress, an cusa na'urar tazara a cikin kan mai sassauƙa da kuma amintaccen walda ta lantarki. Daga nan aka zubar da man, aka saki jakunan, sannan aka kwance igiyoyin dagawa, aka kammala shigar da tallafin. Yayin da jacks ke amfani da prestress, an rubuta ƙimar prestress don tunani na gaba. Prestress yana kusan 400 kN akan kowane tallafi, kuma an yi amfani da prestressing a matakai biyu.
Na farko: Kowane goyon baya yana da matukar damuwa, yana buƙatar preload na kusan 100-150 kN, yana tabbatar da cewa duka ƙarshen goyon baya sun daidaita tare da sashin farantin karfe da aka saka na katako na zobe na karfe-concrete.
Na biyu: Duk wani rata tsakanin ƙarshen goyan baya da sashin farantin karfe da aka haɗa na katakon zobe an rufe shi da maƙarƙashiya mai ƙarfi kuma an rufe shi da kawuna na rebar ko farantin karfe. Bayan ƙarfin ƙarfafa kayan grouting ya kai ƙarfin C30, ana amfani da ƙarfin axial na farko na farko na 300 ~ 400KN. Za a iya tono ƙasan ƙasa kawai bayan an karɓi shigarwar tallafi. Dole ne sashin dubawa ya kula da canjin ƙarfin axial na tallafi na awanni 24. Gabaɗaya, an shigar da na'urar ƙarfin axial ko farantin damuwa.
(9) Duk sassan da ke buƙatar walƙiya na lantarki ya kamata su tabbatar da haɗin ƙarfi daidai.
(10) Dangane da buƙatun ƙira, tono ya kamata ya bi ka'idar tallafawa da farko sannan kuma hakowa. Bayan ƙarfin katakon zobe na kankare ya kai ƙarfin ƙira, an shigar da tallafin ƙarfe na farko. Bayan an kafa tsarin tallafi kuma an riga an saita shi, ana iya tono tsari na gaba.
(11) Bayan an shigar da tallafin karfe, ana yin tono har zuwa 200mm sama da kasan ramin tushe, barin 200mm na ƙasa don cirewa da hannu, kuma a lokaci guda, an gina shingen katako na kankare.
(12) Haɗin kai tsakanin tonowa da shigarwa na tallafi na ƙarfe: Lokacin da aka kammala shigarwar tallafin, an fara shimfiɗa akwatin da ke kan hanyar (giciye) a kan tallafin ƙarfe a lokacin tono don tabbatar da cewa akwatin da ke kan hanya yana da 40 cm sama da matakin tallafi bayan an ɗaga shi. A lokacin aikin tono, akwatin da ke kan hanyar yana sake tayar da shi a kowane lokaci bisa ga nutsewar akwatin da ke kan hanya don tabbatar da cewa akwatin da ke kan hanyar bai taɓa goyon baya ba kuma baya haifar da damuwa. Hakowa da shigarwar tallafi suna da alaƙa da alaƙa. Ya kamata a yi bincike da lura akai-akai don duba tare da lura da sako-sako da tallafin, da matsugunin dam da ke rike da ramin gidauniya da dai sauransu. Idan aka samu wata matsala, ya kamata a dauki matakan da suka dace don tabbatar da tsaro da wawa. 2. Cire goyon bayan karfe ① Dangane da bukatun zane-zane na zane: A. Cire goyon bayan karfe bayan rami mai zurfi tushe farantin kasa ya kai ga ƙarfin ƙira. B. Cire goyan bayan karfe kuma jefa babban bangon tsarin da faranti na sama. C. Kafin jefa bel ɗin watsa ƙarfi tsakanin farantin ƙasa da tari mai riƙewa, ya kamata a cika ratar da ke tsakanin babban tsari da bangon riƙewa da yashi zuwa matsayi daidai kafin yin simintin. ② Da farko, kafa ƙwanƙwasa bututun ƙarfe a wuraren tarwatsewar tallafi. Ana yin wannan a ƙarshen kowane tallafi, a ginshiƙan ginshiƙan, da kuma a haɗin gwiwar tallafin ƙarfe.
③ Cire abin goyan baya da sauran sassan ƙarfe ta amfani da yankan gas.
④ Don rage damuwa da goyan bayan, ana sanya jacks 40-ton hydraulic a ƙarshen. Don sauƙaƙe gini da kuma tabbatar da daidaiton ƙarfin jacking, an ƙirƙira wani madaidaicin sashi don amintar jacks huɗu tare da sanya su a ƙarshen. Da zarar an haɗa bututun mai, ana iya kunna famfo don amfani da prestress. Da zarar prestressing ya kasance a wurin, ana cire shingen ƙarfe da sauri don hana tallafin ƙarfe faɗuwa da raunata ma'aikatan gini yayin sufuri.
⑤ Da zarar goyon bayan danniya danniya ya cika, haɗin gwiwa a ƙarshen goyon bayan karfe yana yanke, yana barin ɗayan ƙarshen yana hutawa a kan kullun yayin da aka cire sauran ƙarshen ta crane. Bayan an cire screws na flange, an ɗaga goyon baya daga ramin tushe. Saboda tsayinsa, tallafin karfe yana buƙatar tarwatsawa a cikin sassan. Ya danganta da wurin ginin da sauran sharuɗɗan, injinan cire tallafin yana daidaitawa ta babban hasumiya na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwanƙwasa, tare da keɓan na'ura mai nauyin tan 16 da aka tura a wajen ramin tushe.
