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Ƙarfin axial da aka riga aka ɗora a lokacin maye gurbin takalmin gyaran kafa yana nufin ɗaukar nauyi da aka samu ta hanyar nakasar memba a cikin yanayin ƙarshe na tallafin ƙarfe yayin maye gurbin takalmin gyaran kafa, wanda kuma aka sani da prestress ko pretension.

2. Hanyar Lissafi

Ana iya ƙididdige ƙarfin axial da aka riga aka ɗora a lokacin maye gurbin takalmin gyaran kafa ta amfani da dabara mai zuwa:

ΔN = δSEA

Inda ΔN shine ƙarfin axial da aka riga aka ɗora a kai yayin maye gurbin takalmin gyaran kafa, wanda aka bayyana a cikin Newtons (N).

δS shine madaidaicin ƙima, wanda aka bayyana a mm/kN.

E shine madaidaicin abu na elasticity, wanda aka bayyana a cikin kN/mm².

A shine yanki na giciye na memba, wanda aka bayyana a mm².

A cikin ƙididdiga na ainihi, ana iya ƙididdige ƙididdige ƙididdige ƙididdigewa bisa dalilai kamar tsayin memba, ma'aunin giciye, da ma'aunin roba na kayan abu. Za'a iya samun madaidaicin kayan roba na tallafin ƙarfe kai tsaye a cikin ƙayyadaddun ƙirar ƙira, yayin da memba na ma'aunin giciye da tsayi za a iya samu ta hanyar ma'auni na ainihi.

3. Abubuwan lura

1. La'akari da wasu lokuta na musamman

A cikin ainihin ayyukan, masu zanen kaya suna buƙatar la'akari da wasu lokuta na musamman. Misali, raguwar ma'aunin roba na kayan a yanayin zafin aiki, jujjuyawar membobi, da sauƙi na lodi na waje duk na iya zama dalilai.

2. Tasirin Ƙimar Ƙarfafawa

Ƙimar taurin kai yana da mahimmanci don ƙididdige ƙarfin da aka riga aka yi lodi a lokacin takalmin gyaran kafa na karfe. Sabili da haka, masu zanen kaya dole ne su gudanar da ƙididdige ƙididdiga da la'akari don tabbatar da daidaiton lissafin ƙarfin da aka riga aka yi.

3. Gabaɗaya Ƙirƙirar Ƙira

Yayin aiwatar da ƙira, ana iya rage ƙarfin yin amfani da ƙarfe yayin takalmin gyaran kafa ta ƙarfe ta haɓaka ƙirar gabaɗaya da amfani da ƙarin hanyoyin ƙira na kimiyya. Misali, wannan na iya haɗawa da inganta sassan giciye na memba da tsara tsarin goyan bayan memba na hankali.

A taƙaice, ƙididdige ƙarfin da aka riga aka yi lodi a lokacin takalmin gyaran kafa na karfe muhimmin aiki ne a ƙirar injiniya. Yana buƙatar la'akari da abubuwa da yawa, gami da ma'auni na roba na kayan, tsayin memba, ma'aunin giciye, da ƙima mai ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a yi la'akari na musamman don tabbatar da ingantaccen ƙirar injiniya.